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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) - New Caledonia (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) z New Caledonia (2004)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002)New Caledonia (2004)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsNew Caledonia
Administrative divisions - none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Iles Loyaute, Nord, and Sud
Age structure - 0-14 years: 29.4% (male 32,076; female 30,772)


15-64 years: 64.3% (male 69,150; female 68,310)


65 years and over: 6.3% (male 6,259; female 7,112) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products
Airports - 25 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 11


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 14


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 6 (2004 est.)
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 19,060 sq km


land: 18,575 sq km


water: 485 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s has dissipated.
Birth rate - 18.98 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $861.3 million


expenditures: $735.3 million, including capital expenditures of $52 million (1996 est.)
Capital - Noumea
Climate tropical tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid
Coastline 74.1 km 2,254 km
Constitution - 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies


conventional short form: New Caledonia


local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances


local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
Currency - Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note - may adopt the euro in 2003
Death rate - 5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - $79 million (1998 est.)
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services overseas territory of France since 1956
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international - Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu
Economic aid - recipient - $880 million annual subsidy from France (1998)
Economy - overview no economic activity New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than one-fourth of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.
Electricity - consumption - 1.5 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 1.613 billion kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
Environment - current issues NA erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires
Ethnic groups - Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%
Exchange rates - Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - 105.73 (2003), 126.72 (2002), 133.26 (2001), 129.44 (2000), 111.93 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: President of France Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by High Commissioner Daniel CONSTANTIN (since 3 July 2002)


head of government: President of the Government Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU (since 10 June 2004)


cabinet: Consultative Committee


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress; note - last election held 29 June 2004 when Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU was elected on the third vote with 8 votes for and 3 abstentions
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - ferronickels, nickel ore, fish
Exports - partners - Japan 21.8%, France 19.2%, Taiwan 14%, Spain 11%, South Korea 8.5%, Australia 7.2%, Italy 5.1% (2003)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used the flag of France is used
GDP - purchasing power parity - $3.158 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 5%


industry: 30%


services: 65% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $15,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 21 30 S, 165 30 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls
Heliports - 6 (2003 est.)
Highways - total: 4,825 km


paved: 2,287 km


unpaved: 2,538 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners - France 46.1%, Australia 9.5%, Singapore 9.3%, New Zealand 4.3% (2003)
Independence - none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014
Industrial production growth rate - -0.6% (1996)
Industries - nickel mining and smelting
Infant mortality rate - total: 7.89 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 8.59 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 7.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - -0.6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation - FZ, ICFTU, PIF (observer), UPU, WFTU, WMO
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) 160 sq km (1991)
Judicial branch - Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court
Labor force - 79,400 (including 15,018 unemployed, 1996)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 7%, industry 23%, services 70% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (1998 est.)		 arable land: 0.38%


permanent crops: 0.33%


other: 99.29% (2001)
Languages - French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands; formerly under French law
Legislative branch - unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres Territorial (54 seats; members are members of the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UE 7, FN 4, others 3


note: New Caledonia currently holds 1 seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007; between now and 2010 New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; New Caledonia also elects 2 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 and 16 June 2002 (next to be held by June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 73.78 years


male: 70.82 years


female: 76.89 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 91%


male: 92%


female: 90% (1976 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references Southeast Asia Oceania
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 12 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,261 GRT/1,600 DWT


by type: cargo 1


foreign-owned: Malaysia 1


registered in other countries: 1 (2004 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches - no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA
National holiday - Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality - noun: New Caledonian(s)


adjective: New Caledonian
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards cyclones, most frequent from November to March
Natural resources fish nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caleonian Union or UC [leader NA]; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS [leader NA] (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independent) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh waster at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 213,679 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 1.33% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Mueo, Noumea, Thio
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions - Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: NA


international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 52,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 80,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations - 6 (plus 25 low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain low with sand and coral coastal plains with interior mountains
Total fertility rate - 2.35 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 19% (1996)
Waterways none -
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